241例儿童社区获得性肺炎支原体感染的临床分析

目的：总结2011-2012年黄岛地区儿童社区获得性肺炎（CAP）患儿中支原体的感染情况,以指导临床诊断和治疗。方法：选取2011-2012年间因CAP住院的患儿241例,所有CAP患儿均于住院第2天采集空腹血行9项呼吸道感染病原体IgM检查,包括肺炎支原体、嗜肺军团菌、Q热立克次体、肺炎衣原体、腺病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、甲型流感病毒、乙型流感病毒、副流感病毒。结果：241例社区获得性肺炎患儿中支原体感染阳性74例（30.7%）,其中132例男性CAP患儿中支原体感染38例（28.8%）,109例女性CAP患儿中支原体感染36例;〉3岁患儿的感染率为41.2%,1-3岁患儿感染率26.2%,〈1岁婴幼儿感染率为5.4%;2011年CAP患儿支原体感染率为19.4%,而2012年为34.6%;74例支原体阳性患儿合并其他感染者6例。结论：黄岛地区儿童社区获得性肺炎中支原体感染占重要地位,且有升高趋势,应重视婴幼儿支原体感染及难治性支原体肺炎的诊治。

Clinical Feature of Mycoplasma Infection in 241 Children with Community-acquired Pneumoniae

Objective： To explore the incidence of mycoplasma infection in children with community-acquired pneumonia （CAP） of Huangdao Zone from 2011 to 2012, and direct the diagnosis and treatment. Methods： 241 cases of CAP children were collected from pediatrics awards from 2011 to 2012. The mycoplasma antibody IgM kits including mycoplasma pneumoniae, legionella pneumophila, rickettsia, chlamydia pneumoniae, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza A virus, influenza B virus, sendai virus were determined for all children after hospitalizing. Results： The positive rate of mycoplasma antibody IgM in 241 CAP children was 30.7%, and the infection rates of mycoplasma pneumoniae in children more than three years old, the one to three years old children, and the less than one year old children were 41.2%, 26.2% and 5.4%, respectively. The infection rate of mycoplasma pneumoniae of CAP children in 2011 was 19.4%, and 34.6% in 2012. There was 6 cases accompanied with other pathogen infectious in 74 mycoplasma pneumoniae positive children. Conclusion： The infection rate of mycoplasma pneumoniae increased gradually and played an important role in CAP children in Huangdao Zone. More attention should be paid to the diagnosis and treatment of infant mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and the refractory MP.