作用于钾离子通道蝎毒素的结构特征及活性表面研究进展

对作用于钾离子通道的蝎毒素的空间结构特点进行了简要归纳，发现高含量碱性残基在不同结构单元广泛分布而少量酸性残基特征性分布等新特点。蝎毒素活性表面研究进展表明，利用空间结构的分子模建结合残基突变是确定活性表面的有效方法。基于少量酸性残基特征分布与活性表面取向的相关性，提出酸性残基为活性调节残基的新观点和简单的“拇指”规则预测钾毒素活性表面的方法，从而可望加速蝎毒素的结构与功能关系研究。

STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS AND DEVELOPMENT OF BIOACTIVE SURFACE RESEARCH OF SCORPION TOXINS AFFECTING POTASSIUM ION CHANNELS

The characteristics of spatial structures of scorpion toxins affecting potassium channels were summarized, and some new features of wide distribution of basic residues with much higher abundance and characteristic distribution of acidic residues with much lower abundance were found. The development of bioactive surfaces indicated that molecular modeling combined with site-directed mutation would be an effective way to identify bioactive surfaces. Based on the relationship between characteristic distribution of acidic residues and orientation of bioactive surfaces, a novel hypothesis of residues of regulating bioactivity and simple thumb of predicting bioactive surfaces were proposed, which will accelerate studies of scorpion toxin structure-function relationship.