The effects of short-term selenium stress on Polish and Finnish wheat seedlings-EPR, enzymatic and fluorescence studies |
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Authors: | Łabanowska Maria Filek Maria Kościelniak Janusz Kurdziel Magdalena Kuliś Ewa Hartikainen Helina |
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Institution: | a Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland b Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pod?u?na 3, 30-239 Kraków, Poland c Department of Plant Physiology, Agriculture University, Pod?u?na 3, 30-239 Kraków, Poland d Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, 00014 Helsinki, Finland |
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Abstract: | Biochemical analyses of antioxidant content were compared with measurements of fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) to examine the alteration of radicals in wheat seedlings exposed to 2 days of selenium stress. Two genotypes of Polish and one of Finnish wheat, differing in their tolerance to long-term stress treatment, were cultured under hydroponic conditions to achieve the phase of 3-leave seedlings. Afterwards, selenium (sodium selenate, 100 μM concentration) was added to the media. After Se-treatment, all varieties showed an increase in carbohydrates (soluble and starch), ascorbate and glutathione content in comparison to non-stressed plants. These changes were more visible in Finnish wheat. On the basis of lipid peroxidation measurements, Finnish wheat was recognized as the genotype more sensitive to short-term Se-stress than the Polish varieties. The antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase) increased in Polish genotypes, whereas they decreased in Finnish wheat plants cultured on Se media. The action of reactive oxygen species in short-term action of Se stress was confirmed by the reduction of PSII and PSI system activities (measured by fluorescence parameters and EPR, respectively). EPR studies showed changes in redox status (especially connected with Mn(II)/Mn(III), and semiquinone/quinone ratios) in wheat cell after Se treatment. The involvement of the carbohydrate molecules as electron traps in production of long-lived radicals is postulated. |
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Keywords: | APX ascorbate peroxidase AsA ascorbate CAT catalase GR glutathione reductase GSH glutathione MDA malondialdehyde ROS reactive oxygen species SOD superoxide peroxidises |
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