放线菌次级代谢产物研究进展

随着耐药细菌和新型病毒的不断出现，癌症的发病率和死亡率持续上升，迫使人们不断寻找新的化合物来治疗疾病。放线菌次级代谢产物结构新颖，作用独特，具有抗菌、杀虫、抗肿瘤、免疫抑制等活性，广泛应用于医疗、农业、食品等领域，深入挖掘放线菌资源来开发新型抗生素潜力巨大。然而从自然界分离的放线菌生产目标化合物的能力较弱，这直接影响其工业应用，增加其生产成本，因此构建目标化合物高产菌株显得尤为重要。本文以此为出发点，从放线菌新药资源挖掘和放线菌产抗能力提高两个方面对近年来的研究情况进行概述，为放线菌资源开发提供参考。

Advances in Secondary Metabolites of Actinomycetes

As drug-resistant bacteria and viruses continue to emerge, the incidence and mortality of cancer continues to rise, forcing people to find new compounds to treat the disease. The secondary metabolites from actinomycetes have novel structure and unique effect in antibacterial, insecticidal, antitumor, immunosuppressive and so on, which are widely used in medical, agricultural, food and other fields. In-depth mining of actinomycete resources to develop new antibiotics has great potential. Unfortunately, actinomycetes isolated from nature have a weak ability to produce target compounds, which directly affects their industrial applications and increases their production costs, so it is particularly important to construct high-yield strains of target compounds. Taking this as a starting point, this paper summarizes the research situation in recent years from two aspects: the mining of new drug resources of actinomycetes and the improvement of the resistance ability of actinomycetes, so as to provide reference for the development of actinomycetes resources.