基于蜂蜜孢粉学鉴定秦岭中华蜜蜂的蜜源木本植物

蜜源木本植物的鉴定能为中华蜜蜂Apis cerana cerana保护和利用提供依据.本研究从在秦岭地区收集的4份中华蜜蜂蜂蜜中分离出植物花粉,然后在扫描电镜下观察花粉形态,根据花粉大小、赤道面观、极面观、表面纹饰对花粉所属植物的种类进行鉴定.共鉴定出中华蜜蜂利用的蜜源木本植物13科,19属,20种.其中以壳斗科Fagaceae、忍冬科Caprifoliaceae最多,卫矛科Celastraceae、桦木科Betulaceae、蔷薇科Rosaceae次之.这些蜜源木本植物中有13种是药用植物.秦岭地区丰富的蜜源木本植物为中华蜜蜂的生存提供了食物资源;同时中华蜜蜂作为传粉昆虫,对维持秦岭地区蜜源植物的生存和生态系统稳定起着重要的作用.

Melissopalynological identification of nectar woody plants from the honey of Apis cerana ceraca in Qinling Mountains

The identification of nectar woody plants species can provide evidence for the protection and utilization of the Apis cerana cerana. We collected four honey samples of A.cerana cerana from Qinling Mountains, isolated the pollen, and studied the pollen morphology under the scanning electron microscope. We identify the species of the woody plant based on the pollen size, the equatorial view, the polar view, and the surface ornamentation. The honey-derived woody plants that Chinese honeybees could use include 13 families, 19 genera and 20 species. Among them, the Fagaceae and Caprifoliaceae families were the most common, followed by the Celastraceae, Betulaceae and Rosaceae families. Among these honey source plants, thirteen species were medicinal plants. The abundant nectar woody plants in the Qinling Mountains, provided rich food resources for Chinese honeybee. On the other side, as important local pollinating insect, Chinese honeybee played an important role in maintaining the stability of nectar woody plant and the ecosystem of Qinling Mountains.