Galanin as a modulator of anxiety and depression and a therapeutic target for affective disease |
| |
Authors: | R-M Karlsson A Holmes |
| |
Institution: | (1) Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Science, National Institute of Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, U.S.A.;(2) Section on Behavioral Science and Genetics, Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute of Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, U.S.A. |
| |
Abstract: | Summary. Galanin is a 29 amino-acid (30 in humans) neuropeptide with a close functional relationship with neurotransmitter systems
implicated in the pathophysiology and treatment of depression and anxiety disorders. In rodent models of depression-related
behavior, treatment with galanin or compounds with agonist actions at galanin receptors has been shown to affect depression-related
behaviors and the behavioral and neurochemical effects of antidepressants. Treatment with clinically efficacious antidepressants
alters galanin and galanin receptor gene expression in rodents. Rodent anxiety-like behaviors appear to be modulated by galanin
in a complex manner, with studies showing either increases, decreases and no effects of galanin treatments and galanin mutations
on anxiety-like behavior in various tasks. One concept to emerge from this literature is that galanin recruitment during extreme
behavioral and physiological provocations such as stress and opiate withdrawal may serve to attenuate negative emotional states
caused by noradrenergic hyperactivation. The specific galanin receptor subtypes mediating the anxiety- and depression-related
effects of galanin remains to be determined, with evidence supporting a possible contribution of GalR1, GalR2 and GalR3. While
our understanding of the role of galanin as a modulator of emotion remains at an early stage, recent progress in this rapidly
evolving field raise possibility of that galanin may represent a target for the development of novel antidepressant and anxiolytic
drug treatments. |
| |
Keywords: | : Galanin – Neuropeptides – Stress – Anxiety – Depression – Rodent |
本文献已被 PubMed SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|