栓皮栎核型及体胚发生的细胞学特性研究

采用常规制片方法对栓皮栎核型、体胚发生过程中胚性愈伤组织细胞染色体进行了分析。结果表明，栓皮栎体细胞染色体数目2n＝24，核型公式K(2n)＝2x=24=20m十4sm，属于“2B”型，染色体组总长18.55 μm。继代8个月的胚性愈伤组织细胞的染色体数目和结构相对稳定，其中二倍体细胞占 97.20%，四倍体细胞占1.87%，单倍体细胞占0.93%。未发现有非整倍体细胞和染色体形态结构变异。子叶期体胚胚轴亚表层起源的分生组织团中有些细胞核呈片状或椭圆形。个别成熟体胚中偶见有3核细胞。

Karyotype and cytological characters of embryogenesis in Quercus variabilis

Using the common slice-making method, the karyotype as well as chromosomes in embryogenic callus of Quercus variabilis were analyzed.The results showed that the chromosome complement of 2n=2x=24. The karyotype formula was K(2n)=2x=24=20m+4sm. It is belong to “2B” category of STEBBINS. The total length of chromosome set was 18.55 μm. By analyzing chromosomes of embryogenic callus tissue cells with eight months continuous subculture demonstrated that the mumber and structure of chromosome were relatively steady, in which diploid cell occupied 97.2%, tetraploidy cell 1.87%, haploidy cell 0.93%. Aneuploids and chromosomes structure variation were not found. Nuclei in some meristematic cells derived from subsurface layer of hypocotyl of somatic embryos were lamellar or elliptic. Trinuclear cell was found in mature somatic embryos occasionally.