固态发酵生产微生物脂肪酶的研究进展

脂肪酶在水相和非水相中都具有催化活性，在众多工业领域应用前景十分广阔。但脂肪酶的生产成本仍然过高，限制了其在某些工业领域的大规模使用。固体发酵因具有设备比较简单、能耗低、成本低、对环境危害小、易于推广等诸多优点，已逐渐成为微生物脂肪酶生产的一个重要方式。由于能源成本的抬高和人们环保意识的加强，自上世纪90年代以来，原来一直认为技术含量较低的固态发酵技术重新受到重视并得到了快速的发展。综述了固态发酵在脂肪酶生产中的应用研究，重点介绍了固态发酵生产脂肪酶的特点、脂肪酶固态发酵的影响因素及其生物反应器。

Advances in Solid-state Fermentation of microbial Lipase

Aspergillus oryzae is an important microorganism, which was widely used in the fields of food, brewing, pharmacy and fermentation industry etc and was termed as a generally regarded as safe(GRAS) organism by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA).The strategies for promoting the expression of homologous and heterologous proteins in Aspergillus oryzae were reviewed. Which included the usage of strong promoters, multicopies of coding genes, optimization of culture medium and overexpression of the hemoglobin domains (HBD) etc. Heterologous proteins were usually exhibited low expression in Aspergillus oryzae due to the degradation by the proteinases from host. Therefore, development of proteinase auxotrophic stains of Aspergillus oryzae as host is neccessary. In addition, fusion of the heterologous protein with a highly secreted protein of Aspergillus oryzae was an alternative way to prompt the expression of heterologous protein in Aspergillus oryzae.