The Dimeric Architecture of Checkpoint Kinases Mec1ATR and Tel1ATM Reveal a Common Structural Organization |
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| Authors: | Marta Sawicka Paulina H Wanrooij Vidya C Darbari Elias Tannous Sarem Hailemariam Daniel Bose Alena V Makarova Peter M Burgers Xiaodong Zhang |
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| Institution: | From the ‡Section of Structural Biology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom and ;the §Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110 |
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| Abstract: | The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related protein kinases are key regulators controlling a wide range of cellular events. The yeast Tel1 and Mec1·Ddc2 complex (ATM and ATR-ATRIP in humans) play pivotal roles in DNA replication, DNA damage signaling, and repair. Here, we present the first structural insight for dimers of Mec1·Ddc2 and Tel1 using single-particle electron microscopy. Both kinases reveal a head to head dimer with one major dimeric interface through the N-terminal HEAT (named after Huntingtin, elongation factor 3, protein phosphatase 2A, and yeast kinase TOR1) repeat. Their dimeric interface is significantly distinct from the interface of mTOR complex 1 dimer, which oligomerizes through two spatially separate interfaces. We also observe different structural organizations of kinase domains of Mec1 and Tel1. The kinase domains in the Mec1·Ddc2 dimer are located in close proximity to each other. However, in the Tel1 dimer they are fully separated, providing potential access of substrates to this kinase, even in its dimeric form. |
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| Keywords: | checkpoint control DNA damage response nucleic acid enzymology phosphatidylinositol kinase (PI Kinase) protein structure serine/threonine protein kinase |
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