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Effect of culturing processes and copper addition on laccase production by the white-rot fungus Fomes fomentarius MUCL 35117
Authors:M Neifar  A Jaouani  R Ellouze-Ghorbel  S Ellouze-Chaabouni  M J Penninckx
Institution: Unitéenzymes et bioconversion, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia;
 Institut Supérieur des Sciences Biologiques Appliquées de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia;
 Laboratoire de Physiologie et Ecologie Microbiennes, UniversitéLibre de Bruxelles, C/O Institut Pasteur, Bruxelles, Belgium
Abstract:Aim:  To produce high laccase activities from the white-rot fungus Fomes fomentarius .
Methods and Results:  Different culturing methods, viz, cell immobilization on stainless steel sponges and plastic material and solid-state fermentation (SSF) using wheat bran as substrate were used for laccase production by the white-rot fungus F. fomentarius . The SSF study expresses the highest laccase activities, nearly to 6400 U l−1 after 13 days of laboratory flasks cultivation. When the wheat bran medium was supplemented with 2 mmol l−1 copper sulfate, laccase activity increased by threefold in comparison to control cultures, reaching 27 864 U l−1. With the medium thus optimized, further experiments were performed in a 3 l fixed-bed bioreactor (working volume 1·5 l) leading to a laccase activity of about 6230 U l−1 on day 13.
Conclusions:  The results obtained clearly showed the superiority of wheat bran for laccase production over stainless steel sponges and plastic material. Supplementing the wheat bran solid medium with 2 mmol l−1 copper sulfate allowed obtaining high activities at flask scale. The system was scaled to fixed-bed laboratory reactor.
Significance and Impact of the Study:  The high enzyme production along with the low-cost of the substrate, showed the suitability of the system F. fomentarius – SSF for industrial purposes.
Keywords:cell immobilization              Fomes fomentarius            fixed-bed reactor  Laccase  solid-state fermentation
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