中国小达氏涡虫和大变杰氏涡虫的生物学特性

对单肠目(Rhabdocoela)达氏科(Dalyelliidae)的中国小达氏涡虫(Microdalyellia sinensis)和大变杰氏涡虫(Gieysztoria macrovariata9-spinosa)进行了长期饲养与观察,了解和比较这两种涡虫的习性、繁殖、发育及组织学特点。结果表明,中国小达氏涡虫比大变杰氏涡虫反应敏捷,生殖器官的形态位置有明显区别;中国小达氏涡虫产卵周期约5 d,每期产卵10.5枚;大变杰氏涡虫产卵周期约10 d,每期产卵22.3枚;两种涡虫卵孵化期约60 h,发育成熟期9 d左右;最后探讨了卵胚非正常发育与雌雄生殖器官成熟期,以及涡虫的淡水生态学意义等问题。

The Biological Characteristics of Microdalyellia sinensis and Gieysztoria macrovariata in China

Two species of Rhabdocoela turbellarian,Microdalyellia sinensis and Gieysztoria macrovariata 9-spinosa had been cultivated under appropriate conditions for several months.To make a general understanding on the knowledge of the two species and to elucidate the differences in characters of morphology,histology,behavior,reproduction and development between the two species,a well-connected and consecutive observation on the habits of both species were conducted.The major results obtained from this study show that: M.sinensis is more active than G.macrovariata 9-spinosa;there are distinct differences in morphologies and locations of genitalia in the two species;for both two species,laying varies from 8 to 25 at each oviposition period of 5-10 days,and egg-incubated period and larva-matured period respectively range from 2 to 3 days and 8 to 10 days.Finally,this paper also discussed the phenomenon of abnormal development of fetation,the matured period of genitalia and the degree in the fresh water ecological system where turbellarian lie in.