长江、黄河流域两棉区陆地棉品种的遗传多样性比较研究

从300个随机引物中筛选到带型清晰且重复性强的41个多态性引物，用于长江、黄河流域两棉区的91陆地棉品种的RAPD标记分析。分析采用Jaccard‘s相似系数，使用NTSYS－pcl.80数据分析软件，非加权组平均法（UPGMA）聚类。来自长江流域棉区的23个陆地棉品种产生了84个多态性位点，品种之间的平均相似系数为0．631。而来自黄河流域棉区的68个陆地棉品种产生了96个多态性位点，品种之间的平均相似系数为0．632.两棉区品种的相似系数矩阵比较及成对相似系数分布的比较均表明，长江流域和黄河流域棉区陆地棉品种的遗传多样性水平相当。共同的基础种质资源、相同的育种目标及相近的育种方法和策略可能是造成两大棉区品种遗传多样性水平相当的重要因素。

Genetic Diversity Evaluation of Cultivars (G. hirsumtum L.) from the Changjiang River Valley and Tellow River Valley by RAPD Markers

Forty-one polymorphic decamer primers with clear and repeated band pattern, which were screened out from 300 randomly selected primers, were applied to assess genetic diversity of cultivars (G. hirsumtum L) from the Changjiang river valley and the Yellow river valley by RAPD analysis. Eighty-four polymorphic loci were obtained from 84 cultivars from the Changiiang river valley and 96 polymorphic loci were obtained from 68 cultivars from the Yellow river valley. Jaccard's genetic similarity coefficients were calculated using the software of NTSYS-pc version 1.80, and two dendrograms were constructed by the unweighted pair group method of arithmetic average (UPGMA). Mean similarity coefficient among cultivars from the Changjiang river valley was up to 0.631. And cultivare from the Yellow river valley had an average similarity coefficient of 0.632. Compared similarity coefficient matrices and frequency distribution of pairwise similarity coefficients, a conclusion was drawn that cultivars from the two areas had nearly the same level of genetic diversity. Same base germplasm, breeding objectives, breeding methods and strategy could be attributed to similar genetic diversity between the two areas.