温度、湿度对黄喉拟水龟胚胎发育的影响

在9种不同温湿度组合条件（25 ℃和-12 kPa、29 ℃和-12 kPa、33 ℃和-12 kPa、25 ℃和-150 kPa、29 ℃和-150 kPa、33 ℃和-150 kPa、25 ℃和-300 kPa、29 ℃和-300 kPa、33 ℃和-300 kPa）下孵化了黄喉拟水龟卵，研究了温度对黄喉拟水龟卵孵出幼体特征的影响及其与湿度的相互作用对孵化期、孵化成功率和孵出幼体特征的影响.结果表明：黄喉拟水龟卵的初始质量、孵化温度、湿度及温湿度相互作用均显著影响孵化过程中卵质量的增加；同一温度下，孵化湿度越高，卵的终末质量越大；而孵化卵的终末质量与孵化温度并不呈线性相关；孵化温度显著影响黄喉拟水龟卵的孵化期，温度越高、孵化期越短，孵化湿度及温湿度相互作用对孵化期的影响不显著；孵化温度和湿度显著影响孵化成功率和卵壳龟裂率；25 ℃和33 ℃处理组孵出幼体中发现畸形个体，而29 ℃处理组中未发现；孵化温度显著影响孵出幼体的质量、背甲长和宽、腹甲长和宽、体高和尾长；孵化湿度只对孵出幼体的背甲长有影响，对其他被检测的幼体特征无显著影响；温湿度的相互作用对所有被检测的孵出幼体特征无叠加或减弱的显著影响.

Effects of incubation temperature and substrate humidity on embryonic development of Mauremys mutica.

Yellow pond turtle (Mauremys mutica) eggs were incubated in vermiculite under nine combinations of temperature and humidity, i.e., 25 ℃ and -12 kPa, 29 ℃ and -12 kPa, 33 ℃ and -12 kPa, 25 ℃ and -150 kPa, 29 ℃ and -150 kPa, 33 ℃ and -150 kPa, 25 ℃ and -300 kPa, 29 ℃ and -300 kPa, and 33 ℃ and -300 kPa, aimed to study the effects of incubation temperature and its interaction with substrate humidity on the embryonic development of M. mutica. The initial egg mass, incubation temperature, substrate humidity, and the interaction of incubation temperature and substrate humidity had significant effects on the mass increment of egg in the course of hatching. At the same temperature, eggs incubated in wetter substrates (-12 kPa) gained more mass than those incubated in drier substrates (-150 kPa and -300 kPa). Incubation temperature affected hatching period significantly, while substrate humidity and its interaction with temperature did not. Both incubation temperature and substrate humidity affected hatching success and shell crack rate significantly. Abnormal hatchlings were found when incubated at 25 ℃ and 33 ℃, but not at 29 ℃. Incubation temperature had significant effects on the hatchling mass, carapace length and width, plastron length and width, body height, and tail length; while substrate humidity only affected hatchlings plastron length. The interaction of incubation temperature and substrate humidity did not affect the morphology of hatchlings.