Organization of the bovine alpha 2-fucosyltransferase gene cluster suggests that the Sec1 gene might have been shaped through a nonautonomous L1-retrotransposition event within the same locus

By referring to the split coding sequence of the highly conserved alpha 6-fucosyltransferase gene family (assumed to be representative of the common alpha 2 and alpha 6 fucosyltransferase gene ancestor), we have hypothesized that the monoexonic coding sequences of the present alpha 2-fucosyltransferase genes have been shaped in mammals by several events of retrotransposition and/or duplication. In order to test our hypothesis, we determined the structure of the three bovine alpha 2-fucosyltransferase genes (bfut1, bfut2, and sec1) and analyzed their characteristics compared with their human counterparts (FUT1, FUT2, and Sec1). We show that in mammals, a complex nonautonomous L1-retrotransposition event occurred within the locus of the alpha 2-fucosyltransferase ancestor gene itself. A consequence of this event was the processing in Catarrhini of a Sec1 pseudogene via several point mutations.