第三组胚胎晚期丰富蛋白lea3基因研究概述

晚期胚胎富集蛋白(late embryogenesis abundant protein,LEA蛋白)是在高等植物胚胎发育晚期大量积累的一类蛋白,根据其结构特点LEA蛋白一般分为6组,其中第3组LEA蛋白(LEA3)含有11个氨基酸串联重复的基元序列,可以形成α-螺旋结构,能在干旱胁迫的环境中保护生物大分子,减轻水份胁迫对植物造成的伤害,与植物抗逆性密切相关。该文就lea3基因及其蛋白的结构、功能、基因表达和应用等进行简要的综述,并对lea3基因及其蛋白今后的研究方向和应用前景进行了展望。

Research advance in the group three of late-embryogenesis-abundant proteins and genes

Later embryogenesis abundant proteins （LEA proteins） accumulate to high concentrations in plant embryo during the later stage of seed development. Based on the common amino acid sequence motifs and the conserved structural features, LEA proteins are basically divided into six groups. LEA 3, group three of LEA proteins, includes tandem repeated motifs composed of 11 amino acids. Under the condition of dehydration, LEA 3 proteins are folded into the conformation of amphipathic α-helices to protect cell membrane from damages caused by extreme stress of dehydration. In this review, the structures, functions and expression regulations of LEA 3 proteins were highlighted, and the perspective of lea3 genes as well as its proteins was also discussed.