2009—2012年金黄色葡萄球菌血液分离株的临床分布和耐药性研究

目的调查和分析金黄色葡萄球菌败血症患者的临床特点和菌株的耐药情况，为临床诊断和合理用药提供参考。方法收集并分析2009年至2012年血培养确诊为金黄色葡萄球菌败血症患者的临床及菌株资料。结果2009年至2012年金黄色葡萄球菌血液分离株共80株，其中甲氧西林耐药金黄色葡萄球菌（methieillin resistant Staphylococcus，MRSA）占50％。2009年至2011年对甲氧西林的耐药率逐年提高，2012年呈下降趋势。其中MRSA血流感染患者多为合并基础疾病的老年人，留置静脉导管及体腔引流管、气管插管、联合使用抗生素、住院时间长为易感因素。结论金黄色葡萄球菌血液分离株中，MRSA检出率高，占50％，临床表现大多较重，合并多种基础疾病。加强抗生素的管理及重视和预防院内感染后能明显降低MRSA的检出率。

Investigate on clinical distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from blood culture from 2009 to 2012

Objective To investigate the clinical distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from blood culture, and provide a basis for clinical diagnosis and rational use of drugs. Methods The clinical date and strain date of patients with Staphylococcus aureus septicemia were collected and analyzed from 2009 to 2012. Results A total of 80 strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from blood was collected, 40 strains were MRSA. The resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to methicillin from 2009 to 2011 raised year by year, but was tending to drop in 2012. Most of the patients of MRSA were the aged people with diseases. The susceptible cause of MRSA septicemia were associated with indwelling venous catheter and body cavity drainagt, trachea intubation, united and broad spectrum antibiotic, prolonged hospitalization. Conclution Of Staphylococcus aureus strains iso- lated from blood culture, the prevalence of MRSA is high. Clinical expression of the patients with MRSA septicemia is severe, and easily complicated with diseases. The isolation rate of MRSA was dropped obviously after the management of antibiotics strengthened and recognition and prevention of hospital infection.