杂交水稻苗期叶绿体希尔反应活性研究

本文利用薄膜氧电极法,测定了五套杂交水稻组合的杂种和亲本的叶绿体破碎膜的悬浮液(以下简写作叶绿体液)和细胞匀浆液(简写作细胞液)的光下放氧活性及其亲本间的互补效应,发现具有优势的杂种其叶绿体液和细胞液的希尔反应活性都较其亲本的平均值为高,即有叶绿体希尔反应活性杂种优势表现;另外将两亲本叶绿体液或细胞液等量混合后测定,也较其亲本的平均值要高,即有互补作用表现。且细胞匀浆互补效应较叶绿体液的互补效应要明显。我们认为,叶绿体希尔反应活性的杂种优势和互补作用表现,无论是叶绿体液还是细胞液,都可以作为杂种优势预测的一个参考指标;在杂种优势机理探讨方面有一定的价值。而且应用细胞匀浆互补比用叶绿体互补稳定可靠,简便易行。

STUDY ON HILL REACTION OF HYBRID RICE AT SEEDING STAGE

In this paper, it is reported that the activities of Hill reaction in the chloroplastic fragmental suspension (CS) and the cell homogenate (CH) of hybride and their parents and the complementation of parents have been measured with Clark electrode among five hybrid rice combinations at seedling stage. Activities of Hill reaction not only in CS aud CH from hybrids but also in the mixture in vitro of CS from biparents or of CH of biparents are higher than the means of activities between biparents, those are heterosis and complementation And the complementary effect of CH is higher than that of CS, It is obviously shown that the heterosis and the complementation of activities of Hill reaction, no matter what is in CS or in CH may be a physiologic and biochemical index of hybrid vigor prediction and that these results are of important significance in study on the mechanism of heterosis. In addition, the method of the cell homogenatc complementation is more convenient, stable, reliable than of the organelle complementation in hybrid vigor prediction.