糖皮质激素在神经系统发育中的作用

在神经系统的早期发育阶段,糖 皮质激素可通过影响下丘脑－垂体－肾上腺（ＨＰＡ）轴的活动,并经由糖 皮质激素受体介导对神经元和神经胶质的存活、分化、生长和凋亡过程进行调节;在成年阶段,糖皮质激素对与神经元可塑性相关的因子进行调节,从而影响神经元的可塑性变化;在老年阶段,过量的糖皮质激素对神经元更多地产生危害作用。因此,糖皮质激素对神经元的发育起着重要的调节作用。

The effect of glucocorticoid on neural system development

During the early developmental period of central nerves system, glucocorticoid can influence the activity of hypothalamic pituitary adrenocortical axis via glucocorticoid receptors, and modulate the process of neural survival, outgrowth and programming death process; In adult, glucocorticoid can regulate the expression of the factors which correlate with the plasticity of neurons; In aged individual, glucocorticoid can be harmful to nerves under most conditions. Therefore, glucocorticoid plays an important role in the development of neural system.