Genetic divergence among geographical populations of the migratory locust in China |
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Authors: | Zhang?Minzhao Email author" target="_blank">Le?KangEmail author |
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Institution: | State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China |
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Abstract: | The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was used to examine genetic divergence and interrelations of 11 geographical
populations of the migratory locust in China, and the role of spatial separation in the population differentiations. AMOVA
analysis of genetic variations in all the populations indicated greater within- (79.55%) than among-population variability
(20.45%), and that there were significant differentiations among the populations; 11 populations were divided into four regional
groups, with significantly greater variability within (82.99%) than among the groups (17.01%), and there existed apparent
regional differentiations. Paired comparisons showed significantly greater variability within-than between-groups, indicating
significant differentiations between populations of different regional groups. Of all the pairwise comparisons, Hainan and
Tibetan groups displayed the greatest differentiation, with the difference between the two groups being seven folds of that
between populations within the groups; the least differentiations were exhibited between the groups of Hainan, Xinjiang, and
Inner Mongolia, with the differences between groups being only half of the differences between populations within the groups.
Mantel tests of the genetic and spatial distances showed that the two matrices were significantly correlated (p<0.01), indicating
that the geographical isolation played an important role in the differentiations of the geographical populations of the migratory
locusts. Cluster analysis divided all populations into four major groups: Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia group, the Great Plains
of North China (the Yellow River and Huai River Plains) group, Hainan group, and Tibet group. Principal component analysis
(PCA) supported the division of populations based on the cluster analysis. However, analysis of individuals clustered the
locusts into five populations: Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia, Hami in Xinjiang, the Great Plains of North China, Hainan, and
Tibet. The locust populations in eastern China displayed apparently continous and gradient variations; as such authors consider
that there were no necessity and valid reasons for further division of subspecies. The subspecific status for the main geographical
populations of the migratory locusts in China was discussed. |
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Keywords: | Locusta migratoria L geographical populations RAPD genetic differentiation |
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