大鼠下丘脑内一氧化氮合酶阳性神经元的分布

用ＮＡＤＰＨ－ｄ组织化学方法观察了大白鼠下丘脑内一氧化氮合酶（ＮＤＳ）阳性神经元的分布及形态特征。结果显示：在视上核、室旁核的大细胞部、环状核、穹窿周核、下丘脑外侧区、下丘脑腹内侧核、下丘脑背内侧核、乳头体区大部分核团均可见一氧化氮合酶阳性神经元聚集成团。在视前内侧区、视前外侧区、下丘脑前区、下丘脑背侧区、下丘脑后区、室周核、室旁核小细胞部及穹窿内可见散在的一氧化氮合酶阳性神经元。室周核内可见呈阳性反应的接触脑脊液神经元的胞体及突起。一氧化氮合酶阳性神经元大多可见突起，有的突起上可见１～２级分支，并可见膨体。下丘脑大部分区域内可见阳性神经纤维。弓状核内可见许多弧形纤维连于第三脑室室管膜和正中隆起。

THE DISTRIBUTION OF NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE POSITIVE NEURONS IN THE RAT HYPOTHAMUS

The distribution and morphological characteristics of nitric oxide synthase(NOS) positive neurons in the rat hypothalamus were examined histochemically with NADPH diaphorase in this study. The results showed that cluster of NOS positive neurons were present in the supraoptic nucleus, the magnocellular part of paraventricular nucleus(mPVN), circular nucleus, perifornical nucleus, lateral hypothalamic nucleus and most of the nuclei in the mamillary region; and that scattered NOS positive neurons were present in the medial preoptic area, lateral preoptic area, anterior hypothalamic area, dorsal hyothalamic area, posterior hypothalamic area, periventricular nucleus. perivocellular paraventricular nucleus (pPVN) and fornix. The perikaryon and process of the CSF contacting neurons in the periventricular nucleus were also in NADPH positive reaction. Most of NOS positive neurons had processes, some of which with one to two grade branches, and varicosities. Positive fibers were present in the greater part of hypothalamic regions. There were numerous arcuate fibers connecting with the third ventricle ependymal surface and median eminence in arcuate hypothalamic nucleus.