Population genetics and conservation of the Azorean tree Picconia azorica |
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| Affiliation: | 1. CIBIO Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, CIBIO – Azores, Department of Biology, University of the Azores, Rua Mãe de Deus 58, Apartado 1422, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal;2. Bioversity-France, Parc Scientifique Agropolis II, 34397 Montpellier Cedex 5, France;1. Division de rhumatologie, département de médecine, centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, université Laval, 2705, boulevard Laurier, R4774, Canada;2. Service de rhumatologie, CHU de Québec, université Laval, 2705, boulevard Laurier, R4774, Canada;3. Pôle appareil locomoteur, service de rhumatologie B, hôpital Lariboisière, AP–HP, 75010 Paris, France;1. Independent Scholar, Baltimore, MD;2. Evangelical Lutheran Good Samaritan Society, Sioux Falls, SD;1. Centro Conservazione Biodiversità (CCB), Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi 13, I-09123, Cagliari, Italy;2. Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Viale Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 9-11, 09123 Cagliari, Italy;1. Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 59/a, I-43124 Parma, Italy;2. Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas en Ciencias Agropecuarias, Fundación Univeristaria Juan de Castellanos JDC, Tunja, Boyacá, Colombia;1. Quantum Materials Research Center, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou 450044, China;2. College of Physics and Materials Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China;3. School of Physics, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, China;1. Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, Sassari 07100, Italy;2. Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio, Università di Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, Sassari 07100, Italy |
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| Abstract: | Picconia azorica (Tutin) Knobl. (Oleaceae) is an endangered species, endemic to the Azores. Samples from 31 populations in 8 islands were genotyped using 8 newly developed nuclear microsatellite markers. From the amplified loci, 81% were polymorphic across all populations and the species showed a relatively high total genetic diversity (HT = 0.7). Several populations were close to Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium while others presented positive FIS values (0.02–0.2). The largest proportion of genetic variation (98%) occurred within populations and the level of differentiation between populations, was generally low, although 27% of the population pairwise comparisons showed relatively high differentiation values (0.25 ≤ RST ≤ 0.65). Relatively high levels of gene flow were also found among most populations. Using the Bayesian clustering method implemented in STRUCTURE we found a particular genetic pattern in Corvo samples, and also similarities between Santa Maria, São Miguel and Flores populations. Considerable levels of genetic admixture within P. azorica populations might have resulted from: (i) fruit dispersal by native birds; and/or (ii) human mediated dispersal between islands. Our results revealed the existence of some genetically depauperate populations needing specific conservation measures, and indicate that arbitrary translocation of individuals between islands should be avoided. |
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| Keywords: | Azores Conservation Microsatellites Oleaceae Population genetics |
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