Carotenoids modulate the trade-off between egg production and resistance to oxidative stress in zebra finches |
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Authors: | Sophie Bertrand Carlos Alonso-Alvarez Godefroy Devevey Bruno Faivre Josiane Prost Gabriele Sorci |
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Affiliation: | (1) Laboratoire de Parasitologie Evolutive, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, CNRS UMR 7103, 75252 Paris cedex 05, quai St. Bernard, France;(2) Present address: Equipe Ecologie Evolutive, Université de Bourgogne, UMR CNRS 5561 BioGéoSciences, 6 Blvd Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France;(3) UPRES Lipides Nutrition, Université de Bourgogne, EA 2422, 6 Bd Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France;(4) Present address: Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo. EUET Forestal, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain;(5) Present address: Département d’Ecologie et Evolution, Université de Lausanne, Batiment de Biologie, 1015 Lausanne, Dorigny, Switzerland |
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Abstract: | The allocation of resources to reproduction and survival is a central question of studies of life history evolution. Usually, increased allocation to current reproduction is paid in terms of reduced future reproduction and/or decreased survival. However, the proximal mechanisms underlying the cost of reproduction are poorly understood. Recently, it has been shown that increased susceptibility to oxidative stress might be one of such proximate links between reproduction and self-maintenance. Organisms possess a range of antioxidant defenses, including endogenously produced molecules (e.g., enzymes) and compounds ingested with food (e.g., carotenoids). If reproductive effort increases the production of reactive oxygen species, the availability of antioxidant defenses may partly or fully counteract the free-radical damages. One could, therefore, expect that the trade-off between reproduction and oxidative stress is modulated by the availability of antioxidant defenses. We tested this hypothesis in zebra finches. We manipulated reproductive effort by either allowing or preventing pairs to breed. Within each breeding or non-breeding group, the availability of antioxidant compounds was manipulated by supplementing or not supplementing the drinking water with carotenoids. We found that although birds in the breeding and non-breeding groups did not differ in their resistance to oxidative stress (the breakdown of red blood cells submitted to a controlled free-radical attack), one aspect of breeding effort (i.e., the number of eggs laid by birds in both breeding and non-breeding groups) was negatively correlated with resistance to oxidative stress only in birds that did not benefit from a carotenoid-supplemented diet. This result therefore suggests that carotenoid availability can modulate the trade-off between reproduction and resistance to oxidative stress. |
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Keywords: | Free radicals Carotenoids Oxidative stress Reproduction Zebra finch |
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