成都地区母乳双歧杆菌对婴儿肠道双歧杆菌构建的影响

观察不同喂养方式婴儿肠道双歧杆菌的构建规律，初步探索母乳双歧杆菌与婴儿肠道双歧杆菌之间的相关性。

在四川大学华西第二医院纳入57对母婴志愿者，根据喂养方式分为母乳（BF）组（n = 31）和混合喂养（MF）组（1月龄内添加奶粉时间＞8 d，n = 26），收集产妇产后0天、第30天的母乳，以及婴儿出生后0天、第7天、第30天的粪便。采用实时荧光定量PCR测定母乳和婴儿粪便中双歧杆菌属、角双歧杆菌（B. angulatum）、链双歧杆菌（B. catnulatum）、齿双歧杆菌（B. dentium）、短双歧杆菌（B. breve）、两歧双歧杆菌（B. bifidum）、长双歧杆菌长亚种（B. longum subsp. longum）、长双歧杆菌婴儿亚种（B. longum subsp. infantis）及青春双歧杆菌（B. adolescentis）的丰度。观察2组婴儿肠道双歧杆菌0―7―30天的构建规律；分析母乳双歧杆菌与婴儿肠道双歧杆菌之间的相关性。

0―7―30天2组婴儿肠道双歧杆菌构建过程存在差异。母乳双歧杆菌与婴儿肠道双歧杆菌存在相关：0 d时，BF组母乳B. angulatum与婴儿肠道B. longum subsp. longum呈正相关（r = 0.962 3，P = 0.037 7），母乳B. longum subsp. infantis与婴儿肠道B. longum subsp. longum、B. breve及B. dentium呈正相关（r = 0.998 4，P = 0.036 1；r = 1.000 0，P = 0.000 2；r = 1.000 0，P = 0.002 3），母乳B. catnulatum与婴儿肠道B. dentium呈正相关（r = 0.997 7，P = 0.043 1）；30 d时，BF组母乳B. adolescentis与婴儿肠道双歧杆菌属呈正相关（r = 0.532 2，P = 0.013 0），母乳B. longum subsp. longum与婴儿肠道B. breve、B. catnulatum呈负相关（r = ‒0.458 9，P = 0.048 1；r = ‒0.520 7，P = 0.032 1），母乳B. catnulatum与婴儿肠道B. angulatum呈负相关（r = ‒0.682 8，P = 0.007 1），母乳双歧杆菌属与婴儿肠道B. longum subsp. longum呈负相关（r = ‒0.714 3，P = 0.046 5）；30 d时，MF组母乳B. bifidum与婴儿肠道B. longum subsp. longum呈正相关（r = 0.579 2，P = 0.030 0），母乳B. angulatum与婴儿肠道B. catnulatum呈正相关（r = 0.550 1，P = 0.022 1）。

喂养方式会影响婴儿肠道双歧杆菌构建；母乳中存在双歧杆菌且与婴儿肠道双歧杆菌相关，母乳喂养与婴儿肠道双歧杆菌的相关性更密切，尤其0 d时相关性更强；混合喂养可能由于奶粉的添加使母乳双歧杆菌与婴儿肠道双歧杆菌的相关性降低，规律性减弱。

Possible effects of Bifidobacteria in breast milk on the construction of intestinal Bifidobacteria in infants in Chengdu Area

ObjectiveTo observe the construction of intestinal Bifidobacteria in infants under different feeding patterns and explore the correlation between breast milk Bifidobacteria and infant intestinal Bifidobacteria. MethodsA total of 57 pairs of mother-infant volunteers in the West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University were recruited. According to the feeding method, they were divided into breastfeeding group (n = 31) and mixed feeding group (formula added for more than 8 days within 1 month of age, n = 26). Maternal breast milk on postnatal day 0 and day 30 and infant stool on postnatal day 0, day 7 and day 30 were collected. The breast milk samples and fecal samples were collected for analyzing Bifidobacteria with real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR) targeting genus level and 8 human predominant species. The construction of intestinal Bifidobacteria in the two groups of infants at days 0-7-30 was observed, and the correlation between breast milk Bifidobacteria and fecal Bifidobacteria in infants was analyzed. ResultsAt days 0-7-30, there were differences in the process of construction of Bifidobacteria between the two groups of infants. There was a correlation between Bifidobacteria in breast milk and infant intestinal Bifidobacteria. In breastfeeding group at day 0, B. angulatum in breast milk was positively correlated with infant intestinal B. longum subsp. longum (r = 0.962 3, P = 0.037 7), B. longum subsp. infantis in breast milk was positively correlated with infant intestinal B. longum subsp. longum, B. breve and B. dentium (r = 0.998 4, P = 0.036 1; r = 1.000 0, P = 0.000 2; r = 1.000 0, P = 0.002 3), B. catnulatum in breast milk was positively correlated with infant intestinal B. dentium (r = 0.997 7, P = 0.043 1); In breastfeeding group at day 30, B. adolescentis in breast milk was positively correlated with infant intestinal Bifidobacterium (r = 0.532 2, P = 0.013 0), B. longum subsp. longum in breast milk was negatively correlated with infant intestinal B. breve and B. catnulatum (r = ‒0.458 9, P = 0.048 1; r = ‒0.520 7, P = 0.032 1), B. catnulatum in breast milk was negatively correlated with infant intestinal B. angulatum (r = ‒0.682 8, P = 0.007 1), Bifidobacterium in breast milk was negatively correlated with infant intestinal B. longum subsp. longum (r = ‒0.714 3, P = 0.046 5); In mixed feeding group at day 30, B. bifidum in breast milk was positively correlated infant intestinal B. longum subsp. longum (r = 0.579 2, P = 0.030 0), while B. angulatum in breast milk was positively correlated with infant intestinal B. catnulatum (r = 0.550 1, P = 0.022 1). ConclusionDifferent feeding methods have an impact on the process of the construction of infant intestinal Bifidobacteria. Bifidobacteria are present in breast milk and correlated with infant intestinal Bifidobacteria. Breastfeeding was more closely related to intestinal Bifidobacteria in infants, especially at day 0. Mixed feeding may make the correlation less regular due to the addition of formula.