井冈山地区18种唇形科植物果实形状及表面微形态特征研究

采用扫描电镜方法对井冈山地区18种唇形科植物的果实形状与表面微形态特征进行观察比较。结果表明：18种唇形科植物果实形状多样，可分为矩圆形、圆形、卵形、三棱形、球形和椭圆形6类；外果皮表面细胞形状为4~6边形、不规则形和细胞形状不可见；依据外果皮表面凸起度可分为平滑型、凹陷型和凸起型3类；外果皮表面蜡质纹饰复杂多样，有平滑无纹饰、负网状纹饰、网状纹饰兼具疣状或瘤状凸起和网状纹饰兼具次级条纹4类；外果皮表面附属结构主要包括表皮毛和丝状结构，并具有或多或少的鳞片状或颗粒状分泌物。18种唇形科植物果实形状和外果皮表面微形态特征均表现出丰富的多样性，可为唇形科属间和种间亲缘关系研究提供重要的分类学依据。

Fruit Shape and Micromorphological Characteristics of Pericarp Surface of 18 Lamiaceae Plant in Jinggangshan Area

The fruit shapes and micromorphological characteristics of fruit surface of 18 species of Lamiaceae in Jinggangshan area were examined by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. Six types of the fruit shape were recognized， including oblong， circular， oval， triangular， globose， and ellipsoid. The cell shapes of exocarp surface were tetragon-hexagon， irregular-shaped and invisible， and the protrusion of epidermis were observed as smooth， depressed and raised. The waxy ornamentation of exocarp surface was more complex and diverse， which can be classified into four types： smooth and no ornamentation， negative-reticular ornamentation， reticular ornamentation with warty or lumpy projections， reticular ornamentation with secondary stripes. The accessory structures mainly included epidermal hairs and filamentous structures， and with more or less squamaccous or granulated secretions on fruit epidermal surface. In conclusion， fruit shapes and micromorphological characteristics of pericarp surface of the 18 species exhibited rich diversity， which could provide important taxonomic evidence for the study of inter-genera and interspecies relations of Lamiaceae.