不同地区草乌种子中生物碱含量的测定与分析

测定不同产地野生草乌(Aconitum kusnezoffii Reichb.)种子中生物碱类含量,并与草乌入药部分(块根、叶)生物碱含量做对比。采用HPLC法测定了内蒙古通辽市扎鲁特旗、赤峰市阿鲁科尔沁旗和赤峰市巴林右旗野生草乌的种子,色谱柱Supersil ODS25μm(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.1 mol·L-1∶KG-2/3]三乙胺(75∶KG-2/3]25),流速为0.8 mL·min-1,检测波长为235 nm,柱温为35℃。草乌种子中检测到生物碱类,以苯甲酰新乌头原碱含量最高。通辽市扎鲁特旗种子含量为7.6479 mg·g-1;赤峰市阿鲁科尔沁旗种子含量为8.2563 mg·g-1;赤峰市巴林右旗种子含量为7.5126 mg·g-1,双酯型生物碱含量较低。不同产地的总乌头碱含量通辽市的高于赤峰市的,同为赤峰市含量之间显著差异。相关文献报道草乌药材(块根)中双酯型生物碱的含量明显高于单酯型生物碱,本研究实验表明,不同地区草乌种子中单酯型生物碱的含量明显高于双酯型生物碱,为草乌种子的综合利用开发及筛选不同含量种质材料提供理论依据。

Determination and Analysis of Alkaloid Content in Aconitum kusnezoffii Seeds from Different Areas

The experiment was conducted to determine the content of alkaloid in the seed of Aconitum kusnezoffii Reichb. from different habitats, and to compare its alkaloid content with its content in root and leaf. High pressure liquid chromatography(HPLC) was used to determine alkaloid content in seed of wild A.kusnezoffii collected from Zhalute of Tongliao City, Aru Kerqin of Chifeng City, and Bahrain of Chifeng City. The HPLC column used was Supersil ODS2 5 μm(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm). The HPLC mobile phase was 0.1 mol·L^-1 methanol and triethylamine(V:V 75:25) and the flow rate was 0.8 mL·min^-1 under the detection wavelength of 235 nm with column temperature as 35℃. Two types of alkaloid were detected in the seed of A.kusnezoffii and the content of benzoyl aconitine was the highest while the content of diester alkaloid was comparatively lower. Total alkaloid content in seed content from Zhalute of Tongliao City, Alu Kerqin of Chifeng City, and Balin of Chifeng City was 7.647 9, 8.256 3 and 7.512 6 mg·g^-1, respectively. The total A.kusnezoffii seed alkaloid content collected from Tongliao was significantly higher than that from Chifeng City. The content of monoester alkaloid in A.kusnezoffii seed was significantly higher than diester alkaloid, and can be used for the comprehensive utilization, screening, and breeding of A.kusnezoffii germplasm with different seed alkaloid content.