短葶飞蓬总咖啡酸酯和灯盏乙素含量的空间变化

依据嵌套分层设计原理制定野外调查取样方案,以药用资源植物短葶飞蓬不同产地93个自然种群310份植株样品的灯盏乙素和咖啡酸酯含量的嵌套方差分析,探讨次生代谢有效成分含量在产区间的空间变化。结果表明:短葶飞蓬有效成分含量存在空间差异,最低含量产区的总咖啡酸酯和灯盏乙素含量分别只是最高含量产区的52.1%和41.8%,但不与产地间的空间距离远近完全一致;同一产地短葶飞蓬总咖啡酸酯和灯盏乙素含量有一定的年际差异,但高含量产地与低含量产地是相对稳定的;作为优质药材的基本产地单元,自然地理区划单元比行政区划单元更科学;短葶飞蓬总咖啡酸酯和灯盏乙素含量与植株含N量呈极显著负相关,符合"碳/氮营养平衡假说"的预测,但植株含N量的变化只能解释短葶飞蓬总咖啡酸酯和灯盏乙素含量不同产区间约30%的变异。植物药材有效成分含量的空间变化是药用植物地区间遗传变异和生长地环境生态因子变化共同作用的结果,用自然地理区划单元为产地单元更客观。确定药材的"优质产地"可作为保障药材有效性的科学管理途径之一。

Spatial variability in the content of caffeate and scutellarin of Erigeron breviscapus

Spatial variability in contents of active constituents, scutellarin and caffeates, from 310 samples in 94 natural populations of Erigeron breviscapus, a medicine herb, was analyzed in nested ANOVA within the producing areas of this medicine herb, based on the sampling regime designed following the nested design principle. Results indicated that there were variations in caffeates and scutellarin content of E. breviscapus growing in different producing areas, average contents of caffeates and scutellarin in the lowest content producing areas were 52.1% and 41.8% of that in the highest content producing area respectively. The difference of contents was not related to the spatial distance between producing areas. The content of caffeates or scutellarin varied annually in the same producing area, but the location of the highest or lowest content producing area did not change. The natural division was better to delimit the units of high content producing area than administrativ division. The content of caffeates or scutellarin was negatively correlated with the content of nitrogen in plants growing in different areas, as predicted as carbon/nutrient balance hypothesis. The variation in nitrogen content explained about 30% of the variation in the content of caffeates or scutellarin of plant from different areas. The spatial variability in active constituent content of medicine herbs was resulted from their genetic and environmental variation. Delimiting the producing area of medicine herbs is a scientific management way to keep efficiency of medicine herb.