Effects of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae on growth and phosphorus and zinc nutrition of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in an Oxisol from subtropical Australia |
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Authors: | M J Bell K J Middleton J P Thompson |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Primary Industries, P.O. Box 23, Kingaroy, Queensland;(2) Queensland Wheat Research Institute, P.O. Box 5282, Toowoomba, Queensland |
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Abstract: | Peanut plants (cv. Shulamit) were grown in an Oxisol soil in pots in the glasshouse to assess effects of soil sterilization and inoculation with spores of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (VAMF) on the response to five rates of phosphorus (0 to 240 kg P ha–1) and two rates of zinc (0 and 10 kg Zn ha–1) fertilizers.Both P and Zn nutrition were affected by VAMF activity but the dominant role of VAMF in this soil type was in uptake of P. In the absence of VAMF there was a clear threshold level of P application (60 kg P ha–1) below which plants grew poorly, which resulted in a sigmoidal response of dry matter to applied P. The maximum response was not fully defined because dry matter production continued to increase up to 240 kg P ha–1. Tissue P concentration of non-mycorrhizal plants increased linearly with P rate and was always significantly less than that in mycorrhizal plants.Mycorrhizal plants responded without threshold to increasing P rate, attaining maximum dry matter at 120 kg P ha–1 in inoculated sterilized soil and at 30 kg P ha–1 in nonsterile soil. These differences in maximal P rates and in the greater dry matter produced in sterile soil at high P rates were attributed to the negative effects of the root-knot nematodeMeloidogyne hapla in nonsterile soil.Plant weight did not respond to zinc fertilizer but tissue Zn concentration increased with applied Zn. Tissue Zn concentration and uptake were increased by VAMF. |
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Keywords: | growth nutrition peanuts phosphorus VA mycorrhizae zinc |
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