试论三峡工程对农业生态系统的影响

本文探讨了三峡工程对长江流域农业生态系统的影响。这些影响可分为2类:(1)淹没土地,移民搬迁,在已脆弱的库区生态环境中又增加了环境压力,属突变性;(2)随着水文水势的改变,可增加中下游地区低洼稻田的沼泽化与潜育化潜在威胁,三角洲地区土壤盐渍亦有加重趋势。为此,需封山育林,保水保土,合理安排农林用地,强化治水改土,以及防治土壤沼泽化潜育化等措施,方能改善流域生态系统,提高土地承载能力。

Impacts of three gorge project on agricultural ecosystem in Changjiang River Basin.

In this paper, the impacts of three gorge project on agricultural ecosystem in Changjiang River Basin were studled. These impacts fall into two categories. The first is suddenchanging impact including land inundating, people migration and increasing pressure on alway-weakened ecosystem and environment of reservoir area. The second is slow-changing impact with variation of hydrological condition, namely, increasing trend of potential gleization and bogging of paddy field in middle and lower reaches and salinization in delta area. To improve ecosystem and land bearing capability in Changjiang River Basin, some measures should be taken such as closing hillsides to facilitate forestation, preserving water and soil, reasonably arranging the proportion of land for crops and forest, strengthening amelioration of water and soil and preventing soil gleization, bogging and salinization.