Isolation and characterization of novel tachykinins from the posterior salivary gland of the common octopus Octopus vulgaris |
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Authors: | Kanda Atsuhiro Iwakoshi-Ukena Eiko Takuwa-Kuroda Kyoko Minakata Hiroyuki |
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Institution: | Suntory Institute for Bioorganic Research, 1-1-1 Wakayamadai, Shimamotocho, Mishimagun, Osaka 618-8503, Japan. |
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Abstract: | Two novel tachykinins (OctTK-I: Lys-Pro-Pro-Ser-Ser-Ser-Glu-Phe-Ile-Gly-Leu-Met-NH(2) and OctTK-II: Lys-Pro-Pro-Ser-Ser-Ser-Glu-Phe-Val-Gly-Leu-Met-NH(2)) were isolated from the posterior salivary gland of the octopus (Octopus vulgaris) using a contraction assay of the carp rectum. These peptides had in common the pentapeptide sequence -Phe-X-Gly-Leu-Met-NH(2) at the C-terminal and induced immediate contractions on the carp rectum and the guinea-pig ileum. cDNAs encoding their precursor proteins were cloned. The OctTK gene was expressed in the posterior salivary gland and the expression was localized in mucus-secreting cells of the gland. The results suggested that OctTKs might be secreted as a venomous substance acting on vertebrates such as fishes, which are the prey or natural enemies of the octopus. |
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