葡萄科植物叶表皮特征及其系统学意义

在光学显微镜和扫描电镜下，对葡萄科Vitaceae11属37种代表植物的叶表皮特征进行了观察，发现该科植物叶表皮细胞形状为无规则形或多边形，垂周壁一般为平直、弓形或浅波状;气孔器通常仅分布在下表皮（火筒树属Leea偶尔可在上表皮观察到），除无规则型（地锦属Parthenocissus、俞藤属Yua、葡萄属Vitis、蛇葡萄属Ampelopsis和酸蔹藤属Ampelocissus）最为常见外，不等细胞型（火筒树属）、短平列型（白粉藤属Cissus、乌蔹莓属Cayratia和崖爬藤属Tetrastigma）、

Structural characters of leaf epidermis and their systematic significance in Vitaceae

Leaf epidermis of 37 species representing 11 genera of Vitaceae was investigated using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The shapes of leaf epidermal cells are usually irregular or polygonal; the patterns of anticlinal walls are straight, arched or sinuolate. The stomatal apparatuses, only present on the abaxial epidermis for all sampled genera except Leea, can be assigned into five types. The anomocytic type, occurring in Parthenocissus,Yua,Vitis,Ampelopsis and Ampelocissus, is common in Vitaceae; whereas the other four types can be considered diagnostic of several genera, such as anisocytic type for Leea, hemiparacytic type for Cissus, Cayratia and Tetrastigma, staurocytic type for Rhoicissus, Muscadiania and Tetrastigma, and cyclocytic type for Tetrastigma. Under SEM the cuticular membrane of the leaf epidermis is striated, scaly or granular, and papillae were only found in Yua austro_orientalis. This study provides leaf epidermal evidence for supporting the establishment of Leeaceae as a distinct family, and the separation of Yua from Parthenocissus as a genus of the Vitaceae. There are two major lineages in Vitaceae (excluding Leea), one comprising Parthenocissus, Yua, Ampelocissus, Ampelopsis, Muscadinia and Vitis mainly with anomocytic stomatal apparatuses and 5_merous flowers, and the other including Cayratia, Rhoicissus, Cissus and Tetrastigma mainly with staurocytic, hemiparacytic or cyclocytic stomatal apparatuses and 4_merous flowers.