解淀粉芽胞杆菌胞外抑菌活性物质研究现状

解淀粉芽胞杆菌是芽胞杆菌属的一个种，在生长过程中可以向胞外分泌多种抑菌活性物质。按照胞外抑菌活性物质合成方式的不同分为两大类，一类是通过核糖体途径合成的核糖体类细菌素、几丁质酶和β-1，3-葡聚糖酶等抑菌物质；另一类是通过非核糖体途径合成的细菌素、表面活性素、芬荠素、伊枯草菌素等脂肽类物质。这些代谢产物种类丰富、广谱抑菌、抗逆性强，可应用于农业、食品工业和环境保护等。本文对解淀粉芽胞杆菌抑菌活性物质的研究及应用现状进行综述，为深入研究和全面开发解淀粉芽胞杆菌抑菌活性物质提供充足的理论依据。

Extracellular antibacterial compounds produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens: Research progress

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens belongs to Bacillus species, which can produce a variety of antibacterial active compounds. There are two categories of compounds based on the way of synthesis, one including ribosomal bacteriocins, chitinases, β-1,3-glucanases and other antibacterial substances synthesized through ribosome pathway, while the other including lipopeptides synthesized through non-ribosome pathway, such as bacteriocins, surfactin, fengycins and iturins. These metabolites are of broad antibacterial spectrum with high stress resistance, which can be widely used in agricultural production, food industry and environmental protection. Here, the antibacterial activity of B. amyloliquefaciens and its application were reviewed to provide theoretical basis for deeply research and advanced development of new antibacterial substances from the bacteria.