益生菌联合肠内营养对食管癌患者术后胃肠功能的影响

目的 探讨益生菌联合肠内营养对食管癌患者术后胃肠功能的影响。方法 50例食管癌患者按随机数字表法被分为对照组（24例）和试验组（26例）。对照组患者采用常规治疗方案，并同时实施肠内营养治疗。试验组患者在对照组治疗的基础上给予鼻饲益生菌。观察并比较两组患者腹胀、腹泻、便秘、胃内容物反流、胃潴留等不良反应的发生情况；留置胃管、留置鼻肠营养管及达到肠内营养目标喂养量的时间；患者入院时和出院时体重的变化以及两组患者住院时间及住院费用。结果 试验组患者腹胀、便秘、胃潴留的发生率均明显低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组患者腹泻、胃内容物反流的发生率差异无统计学意义（P<0.05）。试验组患者达到肠内营养目标喂养量的时间显著短于对照组（P<0.05）。试验组患者留置胃管时间和留置鼻肠营养管的时间明显短于对照组（P<0.05）。对照组患者出院时体重较入院时明显降低，与试验组相比差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。试验组患者的住院时间和住院费用均低于对照组，但差异无统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 肠内营养联合益生菌具有协同治疗作用，可有效降低食管癌患者术后胃肠道不良反应的发生率，促进患者肠内营养的实施，保证患者机体的营养需要。

Effects of probiotics combined with enteral nutrition on gastrointestinal function of postoperative patients with esophageal cancer

Objective To observe the effects of probiotics combined with enteral nutrition on the gastrointestinal function of postoperative patients with esophageal cancer. Methods Fifty patients with esophagus cancer were randomized into the control group (n=24) or observation group (n=26). The control group was treated with conventional ways and supported with enteral nutrition after surgery, while the observation group received probiotics based on the same treatment with the control group. The rates of abdominal distention, diarrhea, constipation, reflux and stomach retention were observed and compared between groups; the time to targeted nutritional goals, lengths of indwelling time of gastric tube and nasojejunal tube were recorded; the variation of the weights of patients at admission and at discharge, length of stay and hospitalization costs were assessed. Results The rates of abdominal distention, constipation and stomach retention in the observation group were significantly lower than in the control group (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the rates of diarrhea and reflux of gastric contents between the two groups (P<0.05). The time to targeted nutritional goal in the observation group was significantly shorter than in the control group (P<0.05); the lengths of indwelling time of gastric tube and nasojejunal tube in the observation group were shorter than in the control group (P<0.05). The weights of patients in control group was lower at admission than that at discharge, and there were statistically differences compared with the observation group. The length of ICU stay and the hospitalization costs in the observation group were shorter and lower than in the control group, but with no statistically significant differences (Ps<0.05). Conclusion Enteral nutrition combined with probiotics can reduce the incidence of gastrointestinal adverse reactions in postoperative patients with esophageal cancer, and promote the absorption of enteral nutrition to meet the body’s need.