新时期自然生态空间综合管控研究——以粤港澳大湾区为例

梳理国内外自然生态空间管控理论得出，针对自然环境症状的管理方式不足以解决自然生态空间的整体性与复合性问题，研究提出综合多学科理论和多种空间管制规则，对全域自然生态空间的多元生态要素进行综合管控是生态空间管控的发展趋势。为探究自然生态空间综合管控的思路，以粤港澳大湾区为例，分析大湾区自然生态空间总体特征和主要城市的管制措施与特色，指出在增长背景下湾区自然生态空间管控中生态保护与社会发展之间存在的关键问题及产生的原因，针对性地提出大湾区自然生态空间管控的目标、层次、手段、部门、主体层面的转变方向，并详细探讨从湾区自然生态空间的生态服务功能、生态空间分级分类、动态管控指标、区域协同联动机制、空间管控权益主体等方面实施综合管控的具体思路，以促进湾区自然生态空间用途管制效力的提升。

Comprehensive control of natural ecological space in the new era: A case study of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

After combing the natural ecological space management and control theories at home and abroad, it is concluded that factors such as physical geography, social economy, and land use changes jointly affect the material circulation, energy flow, biological migration and other key ecological processes of the natural ecological space. In the past, management methods for natural environmental symptoms were insufficient to solve the problems of the integrity and complexity of natural ecological spaces, this research puts forward comprehensive multi-disciplinary theories and multiple space control rules, comprehensive management and control of the multiple ecological elements of the entire natural ecological space is the development trend of ecological space management and control. In order to explore the idea of comprehensive management and control of natural ecological space, taking the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area as an example, it analyzes the characteristics of the natural ecological space in the Greater Bay Area, such as rich ecological elements, diverse ecological patterns, diverse control systems, and complex development interests.At the same time, it analyzes the control measures and characteristics of the major cities in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and points out that in the context of growth, the following key issues and their causes exist in the management and control of the natural ecological space in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area:(1) Extensive guidelines for construction activities and reduced ecological service functions; (2) Inconsistent ecological space classification standards and low efficiency in the use of ecological land; (3) Separation of powers for space management and control, and insufficient ecological management and control; (4) Shared participation mechanism is not yet available perfect and so on. It is pointed out that the natural ecological space in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area should be strengthened to enhance the overall protection of the functional value of the natural ecological space; focus on the connection and refinement of multi-dimensional spatial classification; consider the development needs of cities and counties, and reserve flexible growth space to ensure ecological protection and protective utilization are equally important in the natural ecological space. It also discusses in detail the specific ideas for implementing comprehensive management and control from the ecological service functions of the natural ecological space in the Bay Area, the classification of ecological spaces, dynamic management and control indicators, regional coordination and linkage mechanisms, and space management and control rights and interests, so as to promote the enhancement of the control effectiveness of natural ecological space in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.