六类常见泌蜡昆虫的蜡腺和蜡泌物研究进展

泌蜡昆虫体表除了具有和其他昆虫一样的薄蜡层之外，还具有特殊的蜡腺，在生长发育过程中能够分泌蜡质覆盖于体表，从而有利于昆虫防止体内水分过度蒸发、抵御外界多种不利条件、阻碍病原物入侵和躲避天敌寄生或捕食，对昆虫的生存和繁衍具有重要的保护作用。本文概述了蚧虫、蚜虫、蜡蝉、木虱、粉虱和粉蛉等6类常见泌蜡昆虫的蜡腺和蜡泌物的超微形态结构、蜡泌物的主要化学组成及泌蜡的分子机制等方面的研究进展，以期为今后其在昆虫分类学和系统发育学的研究以及在害虫防治中的应用提供参考。

Research progress on wax glands and their waxy secretions in insects

Wax-secreting insects not only have a thin waxy layer, but also have thick waxy covering on its surface, which secreted by special wax glands in the process of growth and development. It is beneficial to prevent water excessive evaporation, resist various dverse external conditions, block the invasion of pathogens and avoid the parasitism or predation of natural enemies, so it plays an important role in protecting the survival and reproduction of insects. Relative more results on wax glands and their waxy secretions has been gotten in scale insects, aphids, planthoppers, syllids, whiteflies and dusty wings. In this paper, the ultrastructure of wax glands and their waxy secretions, chemical composition of waxy secretions and molecular mechanism in these insects were reviewed, with a view to providing references for their application in entomological taxonomy and phylogeny, as well as pest control.