高梁基因组学研究的新进展

高梁是全球第五大禾谷类作物，在干旱、半干旱地区农业生产中占有权其重要的位置。高梁基因组相对较小(750Mbp)，遗传多样性丰富，被认为是禾谷类作物比较基因组学研究的模式基因组之一。近年来，综合运用AFLP等分子标记、BAC文库、EST及cDNA作图和FIsH技术，加速了高梁高分辨率基因组图谱的构建。高梁基因测序、基因功能鉴定和克隆，以及遗传转化，亦取得了长足的进展。高梁特有的多种适应逆境胁迫等优异基因资源的发掘及其在作物改良中的应用前景广阔。

Advances in orghum Genomics

Sorghum bicolour is a leading cereal in arid and semi-arid agriculture, ranking fifth in economic importance among the world's grain crops. The small genome(750 Mbp) of Sorghum with rich genetic diversity has been identified as one of the key templates for study of comparative grass genomics. The construction of an integrated sorghum genome map is progressing rapidly by comprehensive use of various methods such as high-throughput amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library, expressed sequence tag(EST), cDNA capture technology and BAC-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). A great advance is also being made in sorghum gene cloning, sequencing, functional identification and transformation. All these progresses are accelerating the discovery of valuable sorghum genes involving in plant adaptation to adverse environmental stresses and their applications in crop genetic improvement.