Colour and AOX removal from pulping effluents by algae |
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Authors: | F B Dilek H M Taplamacioglu E Tarlan |
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Institution: | (1) Middle East Technical University, Environmental Engineering Department, T-06531, Ankara, Turkey e-mail: fdilek@rorqual.cc.metu.edu.tr Fax: +90-312-2101260, TR |
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Abstract: | A mixed culture of algae was used to treat pulping mill effluent in terms of removing both colour and adsorbably organic
halides (AOX). The removal of AOX from pulping effluent increased with increasing initial colour value of the effluent. However,
for the total mill effluent (composed of both pulping and bleaching effluents), AOX removal was found to be independent of
initial colour value, and was around 70%. Up to 80% removal of colour from pulping effluent was achieved within 30 days under
continuous lighting conditions. It was found that algae reduced the colour of pulping effluent of relatively low initial colour
more efficiently than that of high initial colour. Under simulated field lighting conditions, up to 60% colour removal from
pulping effluent was observed after 60 days of exposure, whereas for the total mill effluent it was up to 64% after 45 days.
Total organic carbon and lignin (UVA280) were also removed to a significant extent, suggesting that the mechanism of colour removal might not be transformation of
the coloured lignin molecules to non-coloured ones. Analysis of alkaline extraction of the algal biomass and material balance
findings indicated that the main colour removal mechanism was metabolism rather than adsorption. The experimental results
were also analysed using multiple regression techniques and a mathematical model was developed to express the removal of colour
from pulping effluents in terms of initial colour value, exposure time and lighting periods as well as interactions between
these variables.
Received: 12 January 1999 / Revision received: 25 March 1999 / Accepted: 26 March 1999 |
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