罗霄山脉种子植物区系的特有现象与残遗现象

罗霄山脉种子植物区系非常丰富, 是连接华东、华南、华中植物区系的重要通道, 区系组成具有明显的古老性和过渡性特征。本文针对该区域种子植物的特有现象和残遗现象, 分析了其组成特点及形成原因。结果表明: (1)罗霄山脉共有中国特有科3科, 特有属55属, 特有种1,624种, 罗霄山脉区域特有种43种7变种; 特有属中以古特有属为主, 并以温带成分占优势(达55.91%), 体现出明显的古老性和孑遗性。(2)罗霄山脉共有孑遗属165属, 以热带亚洲分布、东亚-北美间断分布、东亚特有及中国特有成分为主, 包括木本属132属。(3)受中新世气候波动以及第四纪冰期的影响, 许多北方热带植物群的常绿成分、北极-第三纪的落叶成分, 在罗霄山脉得以保存下来成为古特有和孑遗成分。特有现象、残遗现象的分析结果表明罗霄山脉是一个重要的生物避难所, 其对中国东部植物区系的保存和重新扩散具有重要意义。

The endemism and relict property of spermatophyte flora of the Luoxiao Mountains

The Luoxiao Mountains with a bundant spermatophyte flora, which is an important channel connecting the flora of East, South and Centre of China, and was characterized by an prominent antiquity and relict property. This study focuses on endemic and relict genera or species in the Luoxiao Mountains by analyzing their composition, geographical structure and formation. (1) The results show that 3 families, 55 genera and 1,624 species are endemic to China within the Luoxiao Mountains; and 43 species and 7 varieties are endemic to the Luoxiao Mountains. Among the endemic genera, the palaeoendemic and relict genera account for a large proportion, which was dominated by temperate elements (account for 55.91% of total of endemic genera). (2) There are 165 relict genera in the Luoxiao Mountains, including 132 woody genera, and they mainly dominated by a tropics Asia dirtribution genera, East Asian-North American disjuncted distribution genera, East Asian endemic genera and Chinese endemic genera. (3) Additionally, due to climate fluctuations after the Miocene Epoch and during the Quaternary glacial period, the Luoxiao Mountains appears to have inherited a abundant evergreen northern tropical flora and deciduous Arctic or Northern-Tertiary flora. The analysis of endemic and relict characteristic implies that the Luoxiao Mountains is an important biological refuge, which is important to preserve and rediffusion of the flora of eastern China.