主要农作物细胞质雄性不育系育性恢复基因研究进展

提升作物产量、抗逆性和品质的主要手段之一是利用杂种优势,其中细胞质雄性不育/恢复(CMS/Rf)系统是应用最广的雄性不育系统。研究细胞质雄性不育系育性恢复机理是"三系"法选育的重要分子遗传学基础。目前,各个作物已经创制了不同类型的不育系。随着分子技术、基因组学和测序技术的深入,大量育性恢复基因已被定位,且部分已被克隆和功能鉴定。针对主要作物中恢复基因的遗传模式,分子标记定位、克隆及CMS/Rf系统在杂交育种中的应用进行了系统总结。希望本文能为今后恢复系分子标记辅助选育,或利用转基因、基因编辑手段创制新恢复系提供思路。

Advances in Restorer Genes for Fertility on Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Major Crops

Heterosis is one of the main ways that can improve the crop yield,stress resistance and quality.The sterile/recovery(CMS/Rf)system is widely used in crop heterosis.Studying the recovery mechanism of cytoplasmic male sterile lines is an important basis of molecular genetic in the selection of the‘three lines’breeding program.Currently,different types of sterile lines have been created in major crops.Aiding of molecular technology,genomics and sequencing technology,many fertility-restoring genes have been located,and some of them have been cloned and functionally identified.This paper systematically summarizes the genetic model and molecular marker localization,cloning and application of CMS/Rf system in hybrid breeding in the main crops.It is aimed that this paper may provide ideas for molecular marker assisted selection,transgenic or gene editing methods to create new restorer lines in the future.