微生物谷氨酰胺转胺酶的表达及分子改造研究进展

微生物谷氨酰胺转胺酶具有催化蛋白质和某些非蛋白物质交联的功能,被广泛应用于食品、医药及纺织等领域.为提高该酶的产量及建立相应的分子改造平台,上世纪90年代日本味之素公司便开展了微生物谷氨酰胺转胺酶重组菌构建的研究.目前,该酶已在多个表达系统中实现活性表达,部分重组菌较野生菌的产酶能力有显著提高.近年来,谷氨酰胺转胺酶的分子改造研究也取得了初步进展,酶的催化活力、热稳定性及底物专一性得到提升.文中对上述研究中涉及的蛋白质表达及改造策略进行了简要的总结及分析,并指出相关研究的发展趋势.

Progress in expression and molecular modification of microbial transglutaminase

Microbial transglutaminase, which could catalyze the cross-linking of many proteins or non-protein materials, has been widely used in food, pharmaceutical and textile industry. To enhance the yield of the enzyme and establish corresponding platform for molecular modification, the researchers of Japanese Ajinomoto began to construct the recombinant strain producing transglutaminase in the 1990s. So far, the enzyme has been successfully expressed in different expression systems. Some of the recombinant strains are more productive than wild strains. Recently, progress has been made in the molecular modification of microbial transglutaminase, and the activity, thermo-stability and specificity of the enzyme are improved. This review briefly summarized and analyzed the strategies involved in these studies, and noted its trends.