毛茛科金莲花族和升麻族细胞学的比较研究

对毛茛科金莲花族Trolliese和升麻族Cimicifugeae的细胞学进行了比较研究。发现驴蹄草Caltha palustris L．在云南西北部形成一个多倍体系列(2n=32，48，64)，四倍体细胞型(2n=4x=32)较为常见，其核型有明显的居群间变异。驴蹄草属Caltha、鸡爪草属Calathodes、Megaleranthis以及金莲花属Trollius的染色体在大小上基本相似，都属于中等大小的R-型染色体。细胞学和花粉学证据都支持鸡爪草属与Megaleranthis和金莲花属有较近的亲缘关系。铁破锣属Beesia、Anemonopsis、黄三七属Souliea、升麻属Cimicifuga以及类叶升麻属Actaea的核型彼此基本相似，在染色体大小和形态上都与驴蹄草属、鸡瓜草属、Megaleranthis以及金莲花属的核型明显有别。细胞学证据表明铁破锣属应是升麻族中的成员。

Cytology of the tribe Trollieae and of the tribe Cimicifugeae in the Ranunculaceae: a comparative study

Cytology of the tribe Trollieae and of the tribe Cimicifugeae in the Ranunculaceae was comparatively investigated. Caltha palustris L. is found to represent a polyploid series with 2n=32 (4x), 48 (6x) and 64 (8x) in NW Yunnan, with the tetraploid cytotype being commoner and showing obvious karyotypic variation among the populations. The chromosomes of Caltha, Calathodes, Megaleranthis and Trollius are basically similar in size among the genera, all medium_sized and belonging to the R_type. The close affinity of Calathodes, Megaleranthis and Trollius is supported by both cytological and palynological evidence. The karyotypes of Beesia, Anemonopsis, Souliea, Cimicifuga and Actaea are very similar among the genera but remarkably different from those of Caltha, Calathodes, Megaleranthis and Trollius with respect to the chromosome size and chromosome morphology. From cytological data it is clear that Beesia has closer affinity with Anemonopsis, Souliea, Cimicifuga and Actaea than with Caltha, Calathodes, Megaleranthis and Trollius, and therefore may find its better position in the tribe Cimicifugeae.