The quaternary structure of RNase G from Escherichia coli |
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Authors: | Briant Douglas J Hankins Janet S Cook Michael A Mackie George A |
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Affiliation: | Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, D H Copp Building, University of British Columbia, 2146 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3. |
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Abstract: | RNase G is the endoribonuclease responsible for forming the mature 5' end of 16S rRNA. This enzyme shares 35% identity with and 50% similarity to the N-terminal 470 amino acids encompassing the catalytic domain of RNase E, the major endonuclease in Escherichia coli. In this study, we developed non-denaturing purifications for overexpressed RNase G. Using mass spectrometry and N-terminal sequencing, we unambiguously identified the N-terminal sequence of the protein and found that translation is initiated at the second of two potential start sites. Using velocity sedimentation and oxidative cross-linking, we determined that RNase G exists largely as a dimer in equilibrium with monomers and higher multimers. Moreover, dimerization is required for activity. Four of the six cysteine residues of RNase G were mutated to serine. No single cysteine to serine mutation resulted in a complete loss of cross-linking, dimerization or activity. However, multiple mutations in a highly conserved cluster of cysteines, including C405 and C408, resulted in a partial loss of activity and a shift in the distribution of RNase G multimers towards monomers. We propose that many of the cysteines in RNase G lie on its surface and define, in part, the subunit-subunit interface. |
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