Male mate searching behavior in the black chafer Holotrichia loochooana loochooana (Sawada) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): response to pheromone lures of various colors and intensities |
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Authors: | Hiroe Yasui Jun Inouchi Sadao Wakamura Midori Fukaya Toshiharu Akino Norio Arakaki |
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Institution: | (1) Laboratory of Insect Behaviour, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS), Ohwashi 1-2, Tsukuba Ibaraki, 305-0851, Japan;(2) Okinawa Prefectural Agricultural Research Center (OPARC), 820 Makabe, Itoman Okinawa, 903-0814, Japan;(3) Present address: Faculty of Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyoto Gakuen University, Kameoka Kyoto, 621-8555, Japan;(4) Laboratory of Forest Zoology, Department of Forest Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan;(5) Chemical Ecology Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan |
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Abstract: | In order to understand the visual orientation mechanisms of the male black chafer Holotrichia loochooana loochooana to females, we examined male behavioral response to colored objects (lures) when female sex pheromone was present. In the
field, males landed more frequently on darker lures than on lighter ones of the same color. Among lures of different colors
but with the same brightness, males preferred landing on black, blue, or red ones to green or grey ones. The reflectance intensities
of preferred lures were weaker than those of green and grey in the range of 540–580 nm. This range is considered to affect
choice by males. When females perch on the leaf edges of the food plant to adopt a calling posture, the dominant background
color is that of the leaves (i.e., green). This means that the landing target forms a silhouette (dark spot) which is prominent
against a background of green leaves, providing maximum visual acuity for mating. |
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