Effect of estradiol treatment on male mice synaptonemal complexes: difference of sensitivity between neonates and adults

The effect of estrogen on pachytene spermatocytes was studied with the assistance of the synaptonemal complex analysis under electron microscopy. Male NMRI mice were injected with estradiol benzoate from birth onwards and allotted to different groups according to the dose administered: 1) three injections of either 12.5 g or 25 g or 50 g on d0, d5 and d10; 2) single injections of 50 g either on d0 or on d5 or on d10; 3) double injections of 50 g on d0 and d5; and 4) daily injection at the dose of 0.5 g/g BW from d0 to d27. Animals were sacrificed on day 28, 60 and 90. Adult male mice were treated daily with E2B (0.5 g/g BW) for one (from d30 to d60) or two months (from d30 up to d90) to test the age-related sensitivity to estrogen. A number of different SC anomalies were observed at each harvest time. Among all the anomalies, pairing failure (asynapsis) was predominant followed in decreasing order of importance by SC breakage (fragmentation of SCs), and heterotelomeric associations resulting either in quadrivalent-like figures or in trivalents. In E2B treated neonates the frequency of SC anomalies, which was less than 2% in controls, varied from 3.6 to 27% of pachytene cells regardless of the harvest time. In E2B treated adult mice, the SC anomalies were rare (<4%), but significantly different from controls in which the frequency of SC aberrations did not exceed 1% of pachytene cells. The prevalence of anomalies appeared to be independent of the TW decrease. Our observations suggest that estrogens act indirectly on SCs. Different mechanisms of action are discussed.Abbreviations BW body weight - E2B estradiol benzoate - d day - Gr(s) or gr(s) group(s) - LE(s) lateral element(s) - n number of examined mice - NAC number of abnormal cells - NPC number of cells at pachytene stage - SC(s) synaptonemal complex(es) - SD standard deviation - TW testicular weight