Nitrile-converting enzymes as a tool to improve biocatalysis in organic synthesis: recent insights and promises |
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Authors: | Jin-Song Gong Jin-Song Shi Zhen-Ming Lu Heng Li Zhe-Min Zhou |
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Institution: | 1. School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China and;2. The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China;3. School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China and;4. The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China |
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Abstract: | Nitrile-converting enzymes, including nitrilase and nitrile hydratase (NHase), have received increasing attention from researchers of industrial biocatalysis because of their critical role as a tool in organic synthesis of carboxylic acids and amides from nitriles. To date, these bioconversion approaches are considered as one of the most potential industrial processes using resting cells or purified enzymes as catalysts for production of food additives, pharmaceutical, and agrochemical precursors. This review focuses on the distribution and catalytic mechanism research of nitrile-converting enzymes in recent years. Molecular biology aspects to improve the biocatalytic performance of microbial nitrilase and NHase are demonstrated. The process developments of microbial nitrilase and NHase for organic synthesis are also discussed. |
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Keywords: | Amide biocatalysis carboxylic acid molecular biology nitrilase nitrile hydratase organic synthesis |
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