Extensions to Southwood and Jepson's graphical method of estimating numbers entering a stage for calculating mortality due to parasitism期刊界 All Journals 搜尽天下杂志传播学术成果专业期刊搜索期刊信息化学术搜索

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Extensions to Southwood and Jepson's graphical method of estimating numbers entering a stage for calculating mortality due to parasitism

Authors:	T S Bellows Jr R G Van Driesche J S Elkinton

Institution:	1. Division of Biological Control, University of California, 92521, Riverside, CA, USA 2. Department of Entomology, University of Massachusetts, 01003, Amherst, MA, USA

Abstract:	Seven methods of estimating percentage parasitism using graphical estimates of host or parasitoid recruitment are presented. Biases affecting these percentage parasitism estimates arise from the effect of mortality on graphical estimates of numbers entering a stage. These biases result in underestimation of parasitism in some of the methods examined and overestimation in others. The methods and their biases are discussed and illustrated with reference to data from four generations of Pieris rapae (L.) parasitized by Cotesia glomerata (L.). The general impact of these biases are discussed with reference to situations where the methods might be applied.

Keywords:	Developmental Time Stage Duration Bias Function Healthy Host Percentage Parasitism
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