西双版纳热带森林地区不同生境蜜蜂的物种多样性研究

本文研究了西双版纳热带森林地区不同生境蜜蜂的物种多样性。共鉴定蜜蜂总科5科、22属、77种。8个生境的物种丰富度指数D_MA的取值范围在1.914～7.877之间，多样性指数H′的范围是0.608～1.398，均匀度指数J_sw为0.716～0.956，其中保护区、雨林和灌丛拥有较高的物种丰富度指数和多样性指数，橡胶林的最小，而均匀度指数以曼养广龙山最大，农田最小。根据不同生境物种的相似性系数C进行系统聚类，8个生境在相似性系数0.169的水平时全部聚合在一起。傣族龙山在保持雨林的蜜蜂物种多样性中可以起一定的作用，但很有限，且当龙山面积越小，受人为干扰越严重时，物种多样性的损失就越大。雨林一旦被开垦为橡胶林或农田，雨林中原有的许多蜜蜂将会消失，物种多样性显著减少。

Species diversity of bees in different habitats in Xishuangbanna tropical forest region

The species composition and diversity of bees in eight different habitats of the tropical forest regionin Xishuangbanna were studied. 77 species , belonging to five families and 20 genera , were recognized. Thediversity measurements of bees in different habitats showed that values of species richness indexes D_MA rangefrom 11914 to 71877 , species diversity indexes H′range from 01608 to 11398 , and evenness indexes J_swrange from 01716 to 019561 Based on similarity coefficients C in table 3 , eight habitats can be clustered at thelevel of 01169 with the systematic clustering. Holy Hills of Dai nationality play a limited role in the conservation of bee species in rain forest , which is affected by the decreasing areas of Holy Hills and human disturbance. If the tropical rain forest is exploited for cultivation , many species of bees in the rain forest will disappear and will be substituted by some species of relatively extensive distribution. Number of species will be significantly decreased.