Impaired cortical processing of inspiratory loads in children with chronic respiratory defects |
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Authors: | Brigitte Fauroux Francis Renault Pierre Yves Boelle Christine Donzel-Raynaud Frédéric Nicot Annick Clément Christian Straus Thomas Similowski |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine, 44272-0095, Rootstown, OH, USA 2. S/M Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research, University of Colorado Health Science Center, Denver, CO, 80262, USA
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Abstract: | Background We tested the hypothesis that maternal interleukin-1β (IL-1β) pretreatment and induction of fetal cortisol synthesis activates MAP kinases and thereby affects lung fluid absorption in preterm guinea pigs. Methods IL-1β was administered subcutaneously daily to timed-pregnant guinea pigs for three days. Fetuses were obtained by abdominal hysterotomy and instilled with isosmolar 5% albumin into the lungs and lung fluid movement was measured over 1 h by mass balance. MAP kinase expression was measured by western blot. Results Lung fluid absorption was induced at 61 days (D) gestation and stimulated at 68D gestation by IL-1β. Maternal IL-1β pretreatment upregulated ERK and upstream MEK expression at both 61 and 68D gestation, albeit being much more pronounced at 61D gestation. U0126 instillation completely blocked IL-1β-induced lung fluid absorption as well as IL-1β-induced/stimulated ERK expression. Cortisol synthesis inhibition by metyrapone attenuated ERK expression and lung fluid absorption in IL-1β-pretreated fetal lungs. JNK expression after maternal IL-1β pretreatment remained unaffected at either gestation age. Conclusion These data implicate the ERK MAP kinase pathway as being important for IL-1β induction/stimulation of lung fluid absorption in fetal guinea pigs. |
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