黄连木种子小蜂的生物学特性和发生规律

通过田间及室内饲养观察,黄连木种子小蜂EurytomaplotnikoviNikolskaya在河南省太行山区为1年发生1代,以老熟幼虫在被害果内过冬。翌年4月中旬开始化蛹,5月下旬至6月上旬为成虫羽化产卵的盛期。幼虫5月中旬开始孵化,在果内取食至8月中、下旬老熟越冬。成虫在果壳内停留4～5d,出壳后成虫寿命:雄虫3～7d,雌虫4～17d,产卵前期3.7d。平均产卵量35.4粒,卵期3～4d。幼虫共5龄,预蛹期4～5d,蛹期8～10d,蛹期发育过程中形态变化的阶段性分为4级。成虫交尾产卵的最适温度为23～25℃,化蛹、羽化较适宜的湿度为65%～70%。

Bionomics and occurrence of Eurytoma plotnikovi

Based on the field observation and indoor rearing, we reached the conclusion: Eurytoma plotnikovi Nikolskaya is one generation a year in Taihang mountain area in Henan province. The matured larva overwintered in the fruit and it then pupated in the mid ten-day of April. The peak time for the adult's emergence and oviposition is from the last ten-day of May to the first ten-day of June. The larva begins to hatch in the mid ten-day of May and to fetch food from the inside of the fruit until the mid ten-day or the last ten-day of August so that it can survive the winter as a matured larva there. The adult goes out of the shell after having stayed there for 4～5 days. The male adult can live up to 3～7 days while a female 4～17 days. The preoviposition time after its emergence from the shell is 3.7 days. A female adult lays 35.4 eggs on average. The egg stage is 3～4 days. The larva can be divided into 5 stages. The prepupa stage is 4～5 days and the pupae stage is 8～10 days while the latter one could be divided into four steps in accordance with its configuration change. The optimal temperature for the adult to copulate and lay eggs is 23～25℃. The suitable humidity for its pupation and emergence is 65%～70%.