Biodegradation of p-nitrophenol by microalgae |
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Authors: | Sofia AC Lima Paula ML Castro Rui Morais |
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Institution: | (1) Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, Porto, 4200-072, Portugal |
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Abstract: | A study was made on the use of a mixed microalgal consortium to degrade p-nitrophenol. The consortium was obtained from a microbial community in a waste container fed with the remains and by-products of medium culture containing substituted aromatic pollutants (nitrophenols, chlorophenols, fluorobenzene). After selective enrichment with p-nitrophenol (p-NP), followed by an antibiotic treatment, an axenic microalgal consortium was recovered, which was able to degrade p-nitrophenol. At a concentration of 50 mg L–1, total degradation occurred within 5 days. Two species, Chlorella vulgaris var. vulgaris f. minuscula and Coenochloris pyrenoidosa, were isolated from the microalgal consortium. The species were able to accomplish p-NP biodegradation when cultured separately, although Coenochloris pyrenoidosa was more efficient, achieving the same degradation rate as the original axenic microalgal consortium. When Coenochloris pyrenoidosa was associated with Chlorella vulgaris in a 3:1 ratio, complete removal of the nitro-aromatic compound occurred within three days. This is apparently the first report on the degradation of a nitro-aromatic compound by microalgae. |
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Keywords: | Biodegradation Chlorella vulgaris Coenochloris pyrenoidosa Microalgae p-Nitrophenol |
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