我国野生稻资源的抗病性鉴定与利用研究进展

野生稻广泛分布于亚洲、非洲、拉丁美洲和澳洲的77个国家,目前公认有21个野生种,我国有3个野生种。野生稻具有大量栽培稻目前缺乏的的优良特性(基因),成为栽培稻遗传改良的丰富基因源和重要的物质基础。我国是水稻生产大国,但白叶枯病、稻瘟病、纹枯病等各种病害一直严重影响着水稻生产。从我国野生稻挖掘和利用抗病材料(基因),是培育抗病品种的重要途径。本文综述了我国野生稻资源的抗病性鉴定与利用研究进展,提出了存在的问题和加强研究的建议。

Research Progress in Identifying and Utilizing Disease-resistance Resources in Chinese Wild Rice

Wild rice distributes widely in 77 countries of the Asia, Africa, Latin America and Australia. It is generally accepted that there are 21 wild rice species in the world, but only 3 in China. Wild rice has a number of elite characteristics (genes) which have been not found in cultivars so far. Wild rice is considered to be a rich gene pool and important basic material for rice genetic improvement. China is a large rice producer, but some diseases such as bacterial blight, blast, sheath blight, have seriously affected rice production. It is an important way for breeding resistant varieties to discover and utilize disease-resistance genes from Chinese wild rice. This paper reviewed the research progress in identifying and utilizing disease-resistance resources in Chinese wild rice. In addition, the present problems and some suggestions on further research were also discussed.